NEXT WEEK:  SPIRAL NOTEBOOK CHECK, QUIZ GRADE

11/9:  8TH & 7TH TURN IN THEIR SPIRALS

11/10:  4TH & 3RD TURN IN SPIRALS

11/11:  2ND & 1ST TURN IN SPIRALS

OUTLINES & NOTES FOR CHAPTERS 5, 6, 7 will be checked.  ALL PAGES MUST HAVE DATES IN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER.  DOCUMENTS TO BE STAPLED W/IN:  ARTICLE ON SPARTAN WOMEN, MEDITERRANEAN MAP, ATG DOCUMENTARY NOTES, PUNIC WAR DOCUMENTARY NOTES (TO BE ISSUED ON 11/5 & 11/6) PLUS PUNIC WARS OUTLINE AND 7.2 OUTLINE & NOTES FOUND BELOW:

OUTLINE:  PUNIC WARS DOCUMENTARY                                                                              DATE_______________

I.                    FOUNDATION OF CARTHAGE

a.       DIDO

b.      BACKGROUND OF PRINCESS

                                                               i.      Who are her ancestors?

                                                             ii.      What language does she speak?

                                                            iii.      What is the Latin word for her ancestors?

                                                           iv.      What city does she come from?

c.       WHERE DOES SHE GO?  WHY?

d.      IN THE END, WHAT HAPPENED TO DIDO? WHY?

II.                  EXPANSIONOF CARTHAGE

a.       HANNO THE NAVIGATOR

b.      HOW?

c.       WHY?

d.      WHAT “TERRITORIES” WERE ACQUIRED?

III.                PUNIC WAR 1

a.       WHO WERE THE OPPONENTS?

b.      WHY THE CONFLICT?

c.       SIGNIFICANCE OF SICILY

d.      WHERE & HOW DOES THE CONFLICT BEGIN?

e.      HAMILCAR BARCA

                                                               i.      Who is he?

                                                             ii.      After 17 yrs. Why is he sent to Sicily?

                                                            iii.      Why does he lose in Sicily?

                                                           iv.      His next mission?  Why?

                                                             v.      In the end, what happened to him?

f.        NAVAL CARTHAGINIAN TECH NOLOGY

                                                               i.      Quinquereme origins

                                                             ii.      Quinquereme purpose

g.        WHY DOES CARTHAGE LOSE THE ADVANTAGE?

                                                               i.      How did Rome get naval technology?

                                                             ii.      Why was Rome able to defeat Carthage?

h.      RESULTS OF PUNIC WAR 1

                                                               i.      WHO WON?

                                                             ii.      TERRITORIAL GAINS FOR VICTOR?

                                                            iii.      WHO PAID INDEMNITY?

IV.                PUNIC WAR 2

a.       WHY DOES IT BEGIN?

b.      WHO LEADS CARTHAGE’S ARMY?

c.       HANNIBAL BARCA?

                                                               i.      Family background

                                                             ii.      Mission in life?

                                                            iii.      Why does he have to invade overland?

                                                           iv.      What makes his invasion famous?

                                                             v.      How did his life end?  Why?

d.      ITALIAN INVASION BY CARTHAGE

                                                               i.      HOW LONG?

                                                             ii.      WHY DO PPL. NOT GO TO HANNIBAL’S SIDE?

                                                            iii.      HOW DOES INVASION END?

e.      ROMAN INVASION OF CARTHAGE

                                                               i.      Why?

                                                             ii.      Who leads it?

                                                            iii.      What is the result?

f.        RESULTS OF PUNIC WAR 2

                                                               i.      Territorial gains

                                                             ii.      Indemnity paid by?

                                                            iii.      Additional punishment

V.                  PUNIC WAR 3

a.       WHY DOES IT BEGIN?

b.      WHO CAUSES IT?  WHY?

c.       WHO LEADS CARTHAGINIAN FORCES?

                                                               i.      What does Carthage do to prepare?

                                                             ii.      Describe defenses of city?

                                                            iii.      Do defenses work?  For how long?

d.      WHO LEADS ROMAN FORCES?

                                                               i.      Where does the conflict take place?

                                                             ii.      How long is the conflict?

                                                            iii.      What happens to Carthage once it is “opened?”  Why?

e.      RESULTS OF PUNIC WAR 3

                                                               i.      Who loses?

                                                             ii.      What happened to people?

                                                            iii.      What happened to their city?

                                                           iv.      Who rebuilds it?  Why?

VI.                ROMAN PROBLEMS OF EXPANSION

a.       NEW TERRITORIES

b.      ROMAN WAR VETERANS

c.       VETERAN BENEFITS?

d.      VETERAN EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES?

e.      VETERAN FAMILIES?

f.        POVERTY ISSUES IN CITIES?

g.       POVERTY SOLUTIONS?

OUTLINE:  (Sec.  7.2)  EXPANSION OF ROMAN BORDERS                                               DATE __________              

I.                    THREE PUNIC WARS

a.       Opponents

b.      Causes of each war

c.       Results of each war

II.                   PROBLEMS OF EXPANSION

a.       Large area to control requires changes in government

b.      Provinces

                                                               i.      Where are they?

                                                             ii.      Benefits?

                                                            iii.      Duties?

c.       Punic Wars veterans

                                                               i.      Family issues

                                                             ii.      Economic issues

                                                            iii.      Social issues

d.       EQUITES

                                                               i.      Who are they?

                                                             ii.      What do they do?

                                                            iii.      Do they help poverty situation?   Why or why not?

e.       POVERTY

                                                               i.      How does Rome solve problem?

                                                             ii.      How do slaves complicate the poverty issue?

Ch. 7, Section 2 notes                                                                        PUNIC WARS

Rome vs. Carthage

            Why Punic?  Greek name for Carthaginians=Phoinix, Phoenician

                                    Latin name for Carthage = Punici

Carthage:  originally established by Phoenicians, Princess Dido from Tyre

            -powerful city on N. African coast, across from Sicily (today Tunis, Tunisia)

            -great commercial power

            -controlled lands along the W. Mediterranean coast

ROME & CARTHAGE:  compete to control Mediterranean trade routes

1^st PUNIC WAR:  264 B.C. – 241 B.C. (23 yrs)      WAR OF ATTRITION

            Rome:  land power     

                        261 B.C. Rome builds navy after capturing enemy ship (quinquereme)

                        -20 triremes + 100 quinqueremes (larger ships, 5 men/oar)

            Carthage:  sea power, is able to supply cities under siege

            Exhaustionàleads Carthage to sue for peace

                                    *must pay 3,200 talents in indemnity over 10 yrs.

                                    *loses Sicily, Corsica & Sardinia (Rome’s 1^st major territory

   outside Italy)

INTERLUDE 241 B.C. – 218 B.C.

            -new territory must send tribute in grain (1/10 of grain crop)

Rome kept busy w/Gauls in north, pirates in Adriatic Sea

                        -Macedonian & Asia Minor kings growing in power

            Carthage:  build opposition in Spain

                        -Rome limits Carthaginian expansion to Ebro R.

                        -Hannibal angered by Rome’s intrusion in Carthaginian affairs

                                    *takes Roman ally city, Massilia 219 B.C.

Rome asks Carthage to extradite Hannibal, Carthage refusesà2^nd PUNIC WAR begins

2^ND PUNIC WAR:  218 B.C. – 201 B.C. (17 yrs)

            Hannibal invades Italyàtakes war to Italian soil

                        *infantry, cavalry & elephants cross Pyrenees & Alps [Rome controls seas]

                        *hopes Roman subjects will revolt, only northern Italy revolts

                        *20,000 infantry & 6,000 cavalry

            Rome:  sends 1 consul to Spain & other to Africa

                        *prevents reinforcements to reach Hannibal

                        *lose several battles against Hannibal

Hannibal’s army runs around Italy destroying farms & waits for revolts

            *Roman subjects don’t revolt (except Gauls in Po Valley, N. Italy)

            *almost trapped, but tricks Roman army & escapes across Apennines to east coast

  to pass winter

BATTLE OF CANNAE, 216 B.C.                          HANNIBAL WINS BATTLE

            -60,000 Romans under 2 consuls (L. Aemilius Paullus & C. Terentius Varro)

            -45,000 Carthaginians trap Romansà only 10,000 escape

            -Senate informed of defeat, prepares makeshift army (slaves & temple guards)

                        *orders human sacrifice (Romans freaking out)

                        *situation seen as desperate, fear Rome will be invaded

            -S. Italy revolts          

            -Macedonia (under Philip V) sends Hannibal help

            HOWEVER, central Italy remains loyal

Hannibal wins all battles in Italy, spends 15 yrs. in Italy, unable to defeat Rome

ROMAN ARMY:  refuses to fight Hannibal, just keeps an eye on him

            *other legions go about crushing rebellions

            *Roman fleet sent to Macedonia, keeps Philip V busy, out of Italy’s business

212 B.C.  Rome drafts 200,000 soldiers & 70,000 sailors

            Spain:  Roman commanders caught & killed

                        -Africanus (son of P. Scipio) takes command of Spanish legions

   (24 or 25 yrs. old)

204 B.C.  P. Scipio “Africanus” lands in Africa

            *attacks Carthage which asks for cease fire

            *Africanus agrees only if Hannibal leaves Italy

203 B.C.  Hannibal leaves Italy

            *meets Africanus in Zama, 202 B.C.

            *Numidian cavalry joins Roman forces à defeat Hannibal w/own tactics

CARTHAGE ASKS FOR PEACEàROME ACCEPTS

Carthage gives up:  elephants, all but 10 warships, surrenders Spain, pays 10,000 talents

in 50 yrs., cannot wage war (even defensive war) w/out Roman approval

            LOST POWER, BUT REMAINS INDEPENDENT

Hannibal:  becomes leader of Carthage

            *introduces democratic reforms to city

            *Roman suspicion drives him out, exits this world in Asia Minor 183 B.C.

SIGNIFICANCE OF HANNIBAL:  tests Roman political system

granting citizenship + rights =  loyalty

3^RD PUNIC WAR (149 B.C. – 146 B.C.)

            *Romans suspect Carthage’s new prosperity

            *Senate votes for war àwants Carthage destroyed

Scipio Aemilianus lays siege upon Carthage (3 yrs)

            *salt sown on site of burnt cityàsymbolic death

RESULTS OF PUNIC WARS:  Rome takes control of:  1.  Sicily

2.      Sardinia & Corsica

3.      Spain (nearer & farther)

4.      Macedonia

5.      N. Africa

Macedonia defeated in 197 B.C.  due to its aid to Hannibal

133 B.C.  Greece made protectorate of Rome

ROME CONTROLS ALL OF MEDITERRANEAN SEA & SURROUNDING LANDS

EX EXPANSION PROBLEMS:  republic & gov’t must change to cope w/larger    territory

        SENATE:  gains almost complete control of army & foreign policy

       NOBLES:  get more power, buy up smaller farmsàveterans lose land,       become homeless

Provinces  & new territoriesàno citizenship or ally status granted

                              *subjects to Rome

                              *administered by Roman governor, backed by Roman Army

                              *pay taxes to Rome

AT        HOME:  FARMER-SOLDIERSàlose land, no $$ to restore farms after Hannibal’s rampage

      *sell farms to nobles to pay billsàmove to cities in search of work

      *some veterans find work, majority become poor & depend on gov’t welfare

E           EQUITES:  new business class & landowners, experience economic boom due to increase in tradeàmuch wealth & political in the hands of the few                             

R    Rome must import grain (main food source) to feed city POVERTY GROWS

**********************************************************************

m

MONDAY (11/9):  8th & 7th periods will turn in their spiral notebook, quiz grade.  Class will finish documentary on the Punic Wars.  HOMEWORK:  READ 7.3 and download notes from schoolnotes (to be posted on Monday afternoon).   STUDY CH. 7 NOTES.

TUESDAY (11/10):  4th and 3rd periods will turn in their spiral notebook, quiz grade.  Class will discuss how the Roman Republic came to an end ushering the era of the Roman Empire.  STUDY CH. 7 NOTES.

WEDNESDAY (11/11):  2nd & 1st periods will turn in their spiral notebook, quiz grade.  Class will finish discussing how the Roman Empire began.  STUDY CH. 7 NOTES.  HOMEWORK:  using their book, students will define & give the significance to the vocabulary from sections 1, 2, & 3.  Due tomorrow.

THURSDAY (11/12):  Students will turn in vocabulary assignment.  In class view documentary on technological Roman accomplishments and learn about the various emperors and their building projects.    HOMEWORK:  READ SECTION 4 AND TAKE NOTES, pp. 162 - 167.  Outline to be provided via schoolnotes.

FRIDAY (11/13):  Finish viewing documentary on Roman technology.  HOMEWORK:   Read section 7.5 and take notes.  Outline to be provided via schoolnotes.  STUDY NOTES TO PREPARE FOR EXAM.  CHAPTER 7 EXAM WILL BE ON THURSDAY, 12/3. 

MONDAY (11/16):  Receive instructions for midterm project.  HOMEWORK:  read section 7.6 regarding the fall of the Roman Empire, take notes; quiz tomorrow.  HOMEWORK:  review ch. 7 notes & work on midterm project.

TUESDAY (11/17):  Take quiz on 7.6.  Then review the birth of Catholicism (i.e. Christianity).  Homework:  REVIEW CH. 7 NOTES & WORK ON MIDTERM PROJECT.

WEDNESDAY (11/18):  Finish speaking about Christianity and the mission of Christ.  Answer any remaining questions about midterm project.  HOMEWORK:  review ch. 7 notes & work on midterm project.

NOVEMBER 19, 20, 23, 24, 25 AND 30, students will be working on their midterm projects in class.  It is strongly encouraged that they also dedicate some time at home on the project. 

December 1 & 2:  Review for ch. 7 test.

December 3:  Ch. 7 test, students will be allowed to use a "cheat sheet" one side only, as in the past.

December 4:  last day to work on midterm project in class.

MIDTERM PRESENTATIONS BEGIN ON DECEMBER 7 AND WILL RUN UNTIL ALL STUDENTS ARE FINISHED PRESENTING.  LAST DAY OF SCHEDULED PRESENTATIONS IS DECEMBER 15, GOD WILLING.

DECEMBER 18:  LAST DAY OF CLASSES BEFORE CHRISTMAS BREAK, IT IS A HALF DAY FOR STUDENTS.  : )

##################################

MONDAY (11/2):  TAKE MAP TEST ON THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN WORLD.  TURN IN ESSAY FINAL DRAFT ALONG WITH THE ORIGINAL DRAFT.  FINISH CULTURAL FILM.

TUESDAY (11/3):  BRING BOOK TO CLASS Students will read 7.1 and take notes on the Italian geography, early inhabitants and their contributions, the early Roman Republic and how it grew.

WEDNESDAY (11/4):  Half Day;  students will discuss the structure of the Roman Republic, the Conflict of Orders and the role of the Roman army.

THURSDAY (11/5):  Documentary on the Punic Wars.  Students will view and complete notes. 

FRIDAY (11/6):  Finish documentary and discuss how the Punic Wars led to the rise of the Roman Empire.